Permaculture Orchard design, feedback/discussion requested

Permaculture Orchard design, feedback/discussion requested

I have a couple acres of former industrial-ag cornfield I am planning on converting to a permie orchard over the next year or so. I’ve got a general design outline, but since I am relatively new to all of this, I wanted to run it by folks here and hopefully get a discussion going that would be helpful for everyone.

Goals:

  • long-term perennial crops, especially nuts for a resilient source of fats and proteins for family and community
  • low- or no- input, at least after the first year or two for establishment
  • low upkeep
  • simple harvesting process
  • revenue/income generation only enough to cover property tax or similar ongoing costs (ie. non-profit)

Land properties:

  • open field, high sun
  • 4-5% slope, so gentle/moderate slope
  • clay, acid soil with low-ish organic content
  • historical avg. 40″ of rain per year, but trending more towards extremes with flood events and draught

Crops (tentative):

  1. Heartnut/Butternut (40%)
  2. Hazelnut (20%)
  3. Chestnut (10%)
  4. Honeyberry (10%)
  5. Mulberry (10%)
  6. Pawpaw (10%)

This isn’t so much intended to be the end-goal crop composition so much as an initial test to see how things perform and scale from there.

Orchard Design:

  • Crop plants on 20′ – 30′ rows
  • More dense plantings grown from seed vs. cultivars
  • Swales on contour, crops planted on or near berms downslope
  • Alleys cover cropped with nitrogen fixation from clover, vetch, and general biomass grasses
  • Interplanted densely with nitrogen fixers such as goumi and native alder
  • Hybrid willows, native alder, and black locust planted in the swales for biomass coppicing and water management
  • Coppiced wood goes into the swales, lasagna’d with mowed alley grass clippings as a sort of lazy/in situ hugelkultur
  • No irrigation or input fertilization – hoping the passive setup will be enough to grow suitable genetics

“Business” Design:

After initial establishment

  • Personal harvesting for food, nursery seed stock to grow more locally hardy cultivars, farmer’s markets etc
  • work with local community services that offer volunteer work for harvesting in exchange for food for food banks or similar food distribution
  • WWOOFing, similarly primarily for community distribution

Thoughts? Feel free to tear any of this apart. I’d rather find out I’m wrong now than find it out five years later!

submitted by /u/Vast-Wash2775
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