News Articles

Stay updated with the latest developments and discoveries in the world of plants and horticulture with our News Articles category. Here, you’ll find timely updates on conservation efforts, botanical breakthroughs, gardening trends, and industry news. Whether it’s a new species discovery, tips for sustainable gardening, or global botanical initiatives, this section keeps you informed and connected to the ever-evolving plant world. Perfect for enthusiasts, researchers, and nature lovers looking to stay in the know.

help understanding mojave yucca care!

help understanding mojave yucca care!

hi!

i recently moved to a house in joshua tree that sits on a 1/2 acre plot. it’s a long story, but essentially the former tenant tried to purposely destroy the property, and thus did not leave the state of the yard in the best of conditions. i have been cleaning it up—getting rid of tons of broken glass, cigarette butts, rusted metal pieces, etc. i do not, however, have any experience caring for plants in the desert and my goal is to learn much in the coming weeks. i googled some preliminary information, but wanted to come here for some specific questions about one of our mojave yuccas (i think?) that lives in the back corner of the land.

i’ve attached photos of the yucca for reference; i just want to know how i can proceed in caring for the plant, that would lead to the best outcome. should i cut off all of the dead and dried-up arms? should i remove the inner yuccas entirely as it seems the living are growing around the dead? or, can the dead be revived & revitalized?

thank you in advance for your help & please let me know if any additional photos would be of assistance!

c🌵🌞

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Experiences with capsaicin sprays to deter rodents.

Experiences with capsaicin sprays to deter rodents.

Hi all, currently working with my dad to turn an old farmhouse into a little permaculture retirement residence. Everything is going great except for one glaring issue, rodents. The block is parked between mixed use grain/orchard farms and despite our best efforts the house is unoccupied 60% of the time. We’re southern hemisphere so winter is starting to hit and all the rodents are looking for a warmer place to find a home. Every time either of us comes down the first hour is spent cleaning up after the rodents that are finding a comfy place to rest in the house and it’s a pretty grim way to find your happy place.

All food is locked in sealed containers, has been for over a year, that isn’t the issue, any fruit bearing tree/vegetable is also 50-100m from the house, the cottage garden is clean and open. The only explanation is that the shelter itself is attractive. We’ve plans for laying a slab, sealing all gaps under the house, etc. but in the meantime we need some relief.

Does anyone have experience making a capsaicin extract to deter pests? Formula, application tips, we’re desperate. We’ve tried peppermint oil and all the gentle options (we’ve had native species around the house but they took off once the house was somewhat regularly inhabited), the rat bastards have shat in our tea cups and it needs to end.

Additionally my dad was an industrial chemist, if anyone has a potent concoction to guarantee success he’s the man to take it nuclear.

submitted by /u/ArmadilloReasonable9
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Where my Collapse-Aware Permies at?

Where my Collapse-Aware Permies at?

This comments section here from yesterday inspired me to make this post.

https://www.reddit.com/r/Permaculture/comments/1krxkku/hope_for_you_environmental_doomers/

It seems to me like collapseniks are the only ones who understand the way the world is going and what the future holds. No one else is aware of the systemic and built-in nature of our various global predicaments that are coming to a head. BUT they’re all stuck in a doomer pit and can’t get out.

Meanwhile permies have a readymade design system and alternative culture that is tailored for a post-industrial, climate changed, and even post-collapse future… but seem on the whole to have no real knowledge of collapse and to mostly be focused on backyard growing and more ecological suburban living.

I think (Perma-doomers? Doomies? Doomaculturalists??) will inherit the earth- but only if we get these two groups actually talking to each other! r/collapse and r/collapsesupport especially need to know about permaculture yesterday, and r/permaculture needs to know about collapse and be preparing for it, sowing the seeds of the future and laying the groundwork for new societies.

Anyone else feel the same?

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Italy, Rome and Siena

Italy, Rome and Siena

Facilities Manager presented me with a mighty gift for my birthday this year. On a cold January night he handed me two tickets to Egypt. Oh. My. Gawd. For real? After a long, chilling day working at the nursery, hot and sandy Egypt sounded fabulous. We love history, after all, as well as travel. For me, the more ancient the history the better. But. After digging a little more it turns out that for such a trip a guide is highly recommended. We don’t really do guided vacations and the cost of hiring guides became prohibitive. What then? FM chose Italy instead. Italy sounds lovely. We could easily do that without a guide. Off then for a two-week anniversary celebration in Rome and Siena.

ROMA
Rome is a big city, yes, but oh my gosh it’s fabulous. I had been years before and the vibrant memories had me wanting to return. For this trip, however, we hadn’t really realized until after the tickets were purchased that #1 it was nearly Holy Week in the center of Catholicism on earth, #2 it is the Catholic Jubilee year which comes every 25 years and #3 we were staying a few blocks from the Vatican. Uh oh…BUT, even with all of the extra pilgrims coming to celebrate it didn’t feel too crowded in our neighborhood and let’s face it, getting smiled at by a group of excited nuns made me feel kind of blessed. While I am not Catholic I appreciated the happy vibes. 
I contemplated whether or not I’d do a post about our trip because let’s face it, nobody really wants to see other people’s vacation photos. I left my camera at home (it was our anniversary trip so botany was not high on the priorities) and only used my phone, something I have never done before. So, even though the photos are not spectacular I think there are enough with some form of botany in them to merit a post.
This photo above is one of my favorites because it’s such a flat picture – no filters or effects – looking out to the Vatican Gardens through a Vatican Museum open window. It reminds me of a Tom Fawkes painting. It’s the only photo I’ll show from the Vatican and the garden was the one place we couldn’t get to that I really wanted to go. No tickets available, sorry. A photo looking out of a window will have to do.
The Tiber River runs through the heart of the city and was just a few blocks from our apartment. On either side at water level there are very inviting walkways for strolling, something Italians are very good at. I appreciate that so much. It’s a very walkable city if you avoid the super touristy areas.
This is the view from one of two balconies of our fantastic apartment. Saint Peter’s is the dome in the distance.
There are touches of green everywhere and often the scent of orange or lemon blossoms fill the air.

The Pantheon is one of my favorite sites in Rome. Built in the second century CE, it is one of the oldest and best preserved sites of Roman antiquity. It has been in continuous use since its creation and has worn many hats over the years as a temple to admire several Roman gods, as a mausoleum (the famous Renaissance artist Raphael is buried here for starters) and currently as a Christian church and tourist hot spot. That light on the wall is coming from an opening in the center of the dome (the largest in antiquity by the way) and, yes, it does rain inside the Pantheon. Cleverly, the foundation was built so that water drained away into camouflaged exit points on the floor. 

The portico, and the dedication reads “Marcus Agrippa the son of Lucius made this.” Hadrian who had rebuilt the structure after its destruction by fire dedicated it to its original builder. I love this structure because it’s so ancient and survives in a beautiful state. I also love that it started life as a Pagan temple.

Near the Pantheon, we stumbled upon the Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi.

On the back side of Castel St. Angelo a now-drained moat surrounds a small forest of Pinus pinea or stone pine. These iconic trees are everywhere in Rome.

The main street in our neighborhood at sunset. We had many fabulous meals here and I even found a dedicated gluten-free place where I had authentic pizza. Heaven.

OK, this country is so civilized! We could learn a lot. Free, fabulous spring water for anyone who wants it. And oh, did you say bubble water? Frizzante? No problemo.

FM taking a pisolino on our wonderful garden balcony before heading out on some adventure or another.
On our anniversary proper we visited the Colosseum and Roman Forum. It was a little overwhelming for me because of the crowds inside the Colosseum. This is obviously one of the most visited sites in Italy and mid-day it was painfully crowded. FM purchased the tickets online as soon as they opened up for our desired date and let me tell you they sold FAST. If you go, go early. That’s my one bit of advice.

The Forum had fewer crowds and more interesting architecture if I’m honest.

From the back of a church looking out past very old olive trees towards the Temple of Castor and Pollux.
Colosseum interior where it is estimated between 50,000 and 80,000 spectators could fit.
Arch of Constantine just outside of the Colosseum, created in the fourth century CE.

There is a botanical garden in Rome, which we visited. As I had not slept the previous night it was a bit of a blur. I found a few charming moments such as architectural details. Honestly, there weren’t any spectacular moments for me, but it was lovely to have visited. Many familiar plants in corralled garden beds such as cistus and phlomis, but my photos are not anything to write home about.
An amazing climbing rose.

A lot of people enjoying a Saturday in the gardens, mostly locals enjoying their city.
Some hot vibes coming off of this garden bed.

After what was a long day, I went in search of Carciofi alla Romana, Roman style artichokes. I found just the place for this delicious dish thanks to this ingenious advertising. Yes, they are real and, yes, they were delicious.

A colorful scene around the corner from our apartment.
SIENA
Siena is a much smaller city when compared to Rome. A hill town in the heart of Tuscany, south of Florence, it is a UNESCO World Heritage site that rose to greatness in Medieval Europe. Known for food, architecture and home to the oldest bank in the world (Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, founded in 1472 and in continuous operation since), it is definitely worth a longer stay than one day. FM thought Tuscany would be a nice place to visit on our trip and since Florence is so crowded, we chose Siena for the second half of our stay. After a few hours on the train we found ourselves in beautiful, if rainy, Siena.
The Duomo (Opera Duomo, also known as Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta) in the background with its iconic black and white striped marble visible even from a distance. This magnificent church sits atop the highest point in Siena. In my mind’s eye, this image is what I see when I think of Siena.

So many gorgeous shops with delectable treats, especially for the Easter season.  

Il Campo, the central plaza with city hall straight ahead. This is the heart of the city and is fabulous for people watching and strolling. Siena is an amazingly walkable city built on three hills, sometimes quite steep. The architecture is rich and old, nearly every building has a tale to tell, so for us, it was a joy to get lost in its back streets.

Inside the Duomo with its iconic stripes (I suppose technically dark green and white but they read as black and white marble). The dome with its dark blue ground illuminated with gold stars is glorious.
Very richly decorated library inside the Duomo with frescoes that date from the early 16th century. Painted by Pinturicchio they celebrate the life of Pope Pius II and have that fabulous Italian Renaissance sense of atmosphere, perspective and landscape that one would see in Italy.
More garden-esque views of this small city with lots of Cupressus sempervirens.
A square with the Monte dei Paschi di Siena, the oldest bank in the world.

Same square at night. Siena is delightful after hours as most architecture is illuminated.
View looking out over treetops.
FM found a weekly market not far from our apartment full of flea market socks, blankets, cheap jewelry and the like. I made a beeline right for the seed man. He was so gracious and let me go into his inventory in the back of his van to see ALL the seeds. I had been on a hunt to find veggie seeds and had had no luck until now.
Also in the market, fresh flowers, potted herbs and annuals made me happy.
Basilica of San Domenico, very close to our apartment, perched atop a small hill. Typical structures and homes of Siena with tiled rooftops and trees tucked in everywhere.
Siena also has a botanical garden, this is associated with the University of Siena. Full confession once more – I wasn’t feeling it here, either. There were splendid moments but overall it felt as if there weren’t appropriate funds to maintain this six-acre park. Plus, I was sick. The day we arrived in Siena by train it was raining. And cold. From sunny warm Rome in the 70’s to 50’s. It was a struggle to get to our apartment and once we did, we realized it was actually pretty cold and damp and dark. Bummer. Beautiful, but cold. Turns out I contracted Covid so I went downhill quickly which I was totally feeling at this point in the trip. Nevertheless, not knowing how sick I was thinking it was a chill, we explored the conservatory until I gave up the ghost and we went back to the apartment.

A rather cool Euphorbia tirucalli
The bedroom ceiling of our apartment which I stared at for hours and hours while sick in bed. I studied it and enjoyed it, it brought much comfort. The entire apartment was painted as such, all hand done, no applique here, thank goodness.
Sweet flower shop all decked out for Easter.

Siena is well-known for its contrade or districts of which there are 17. Each one has its own animal symbol; this lets us know we are in the crested porcupine or Istrice district. I think our apartment was in the dragon district.
Facade and main entrance to the Duomo with striking pale pink marble sections.

Wide view from atop a park called Fortezza Medicea where we enjoyed a long, quiet walk among trees.

A wonderful parting image of youth being taught flag throwing and display skills. From the little time we were in Italy, it was clear that families, friends and quality time spent together on evening walks, meals out and everyday life are a huge priority. I love that. I also love the sense of tradition and pride in keeping it alive.
Ciao Roma, Siena, Italia. You were very good to us.
While being sick on vacation is no fun, it just added layers to my life experience. That’s how I choose to think of it now several weeks away from this lovely country. Admittedly at the time I was pretty miserable but if you’re going to be sick with covid for the first time ever, this is the place to be. I didn’t realize I had covid until our return home when it hit me HARD. I busted out the covid tests and, yes, indeed I had the dreaded bug. Now pretty fully recovered, I can look back on our vacation with a smile on my face.
The whole country is a giant garden, extremely picturesque, especially the countryside as seen from the trains between Roma and Siena. We traveled through many artichoke fields, olive orchards, vineyards and backyard gardens. It seems everyone along the train tracks has a garden, something that brought me much joy. I was proud to tell Italians I am, back in America, a giardiniera. I always got a delighted expression and a smile when I mentioned this.
While this wasn’t a particularly garden-esque post I do hope that it has brought you a little joy seeing such a beautiful place. We are very fortunate to have been able to travel and experience Italy and its incredible food, people and culture.
That’s a wrap for this week at Chickadee Gardens. As always grazie mille so much for reading and commenting, we do love hearing from you! Ciao from our neck of the woods. Happy gardening, buon giardinaggio!
FM post-script: Italy was wonderful. I like to say there are many aspects of the country to enjoy but the best part is simply interacting with the Italians. From the taxi-driver who kept throwing up his hands and shouting “Mama mia!” to the snickering ladies at my favorite gelato shop in Siena, well, just because I could speak no Italian and they could not speak English, did not mean we could not communicate. Finally, this trip was to celebrate 15 years of marriage to my sweet wife. How about that?

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Caroline Isaksson: Combined light & traffic noise exposure enhances songbirds’ antioxidant capacity & lowers damage

Caroline Isaksson: Combined  light & traffic noise exposure enhances songbirds’ antioxidant capacity & lowers damage

In our latest post, author Caroline Isaksson explores the impacts of urban pollutants on songbirds! In their recent paper: “Effects of short-term multi-pollutant exposure on the oxidative stress status of captive songbirds”, Caroline investigates how three urban pollutants impacts Zebra finches physiologically. Caroline also shares the surprising results that will promote deeper research into this dynamic. Amid her experiments, Caroline imparts advice we all need …

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Can black knot be eliminated without using antifungal poisons? Location: southern Ontario, Canada

Can black knot be eliminated without using antifungal poisons? Location: southern Ontario, Canada

I have a 6 year old plum tree ( Prunus domestica )that I grew from a seed. It flowered for the first time this year and I am feeling sentimentally attached to it. Three winters ago I noticed black knot on a few branches and pruned them out using sterilized pruners ( I sterilized with 99% isopropyl alcohol after each cut ) Well, every winter since I have had to prune out more and more infected branches. I is obvious now that the infection is throughout the entire tree and I thought I would have to cut down the whole thing and burn or bury the wood.

I am reluctant to use neem oil or copper sulfate as our property is a bit of an oasis of unpoisoned land amoungst a desert of agricultural land rife with heavy herbicide and pesticide use. We have high and varied populations of pollinators, birds, amphibians, small animals and garter snakes. Also important to note that a nearby neighbour has a mature cherry tree that is completely overwhelmed with black knot. It is never pruned and is obviously dying. It stopped producing fruit a couple of years ago. The trunk and branches have all burst open with infection. I think this is the source of the infection on my plum.

What do you think? Is this a lost cause? Should I remove the tree? Is it folly to have any rose related fruit trees while the neighbours infected tree is still standing?

Edit formatting and to add:

I realized this past winter that the fungus was everywhere and knew I should remove the tree entirely. So I didn’t bother pruning out the black knot. I just couldn’t bring myself to kill my little tree though; so here we are…

Also, please see images I have posted as a comment:

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Planning a food forest 7b off a stream in floodplains, 60 x 60 feet and more possible expansion, deer bedding land semi forest.

Planning a food forest 7b off a stream in floodplains, 60 x 60 feet and more possible expansion, deer bedding land semi forest.

Hello all, I am living in Virginia on a large 20 acre farm that sits in the floodplains of a large river that floods every once in awhile. I have the opportunity to create a food forest in an abandoned part of the farm that is across an old bridge and in an open field with trees on both sides but it does get a decent amount of sun. There are blackberry and raspberry that grow pretty prolific here because of the stream and the water flooding. I currently have a 10×20 foot garden and a 20 x 30 fot garden area but I want to expand to the area I mentioned across the delapated bridge which has 60 x 60 space available.

There is a river (Edgar Cayce) running north and I wanted to start by planting a bunch of fruit trees and bushes. I have been collecting raspberry, blackberry, blueberry, grape vines from homedepot and will probably buy fig and hardy kiwi today. Eventually I will buy apple tree and something else if possible, if I can get them on sale or cheap. The apple trees are $70 and maybe I can get them half off.

Right now homedepot has the small box fruits on sale half off so I am going to buy as many odd fruit trees as I can for about $6 per bare root. That will give me about 30 to 50 plants to start with in this space and I can start to propagate if necessary.

Looking for any tips on planning fruits along a stream to minimize watering. Maybe like build rows east to west along the stream or do north south? And are there other veggies or herbs I could plant that will come back every year that would go well?

I included some photos of the area in question and natural plants.

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Nettle Beer Slug Trap

Nettle Beer Slug Trap

Hi all, I’ve used beer traps for catching slugs in my garden here in Ireland. It works well and has saved a lot of brassicas over the years, but it’s a shame to be buying and pouring out even the cheapest beer.

Theres a glut of nettles here and I’ve brewed plenty of wine and beer before. I’d imagine that a simple nettle beer homebrew would do well at attracting slugs and be far cheaper (I could simply top up the ferment with more cooled boiled sugar water, yeast and nettles) but I don’t really want to make the nettle beer if slugs have no interest in it.

Has anyone tried it before?

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